[161] When there is snowfall, which is extremely rare, it is usually at high elevations. [63][64] At the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, Governor Geoffry Northcote declared Hong Kong a neutral zone to safeguard its status as a free port. The predominant language is Cantonese, a variety of Chinese originating in Guangdong. [236] Highways, organised with the Hong Kong Strategic Route and Exit Number System, connect all major areas of the territory. [62] Kai Tak Airport began operation in 1924, and the colony avoided a prolonged economic downturn after the 1925–26 Canton–Hong Kong strike. The 30 limited electorate functional constituencies fill their seats using first-past-the-post or instant-runoff voting. [288], Dragon boat races originated as a religious ceremony conducted during the annual Tuen Ng Festival. We offer strong post-investment support to portfolio companies with our prestigious business and investor network in the region. [81], Political debates after the transfer of sovereignty have centred around the region's democratic development and the central government's adherence to the "one country, two systems" principle. L'isola di Hong Kong (香港島 T, 香港岛 S, Xiānggǎng Dǎo P) è un'isola situata nella parte meridionale di Hong Kong.Ha una popolazione di 1.268.112 abitanti e, secondo la stima del 2006, una densità di 15.915 ab./km². Hong Kong's participation in China's 'two sessions' explained", "CY Leung insists housing policy won't cause property crash", "Hong Kong's TVB Targeting New Revenues With OTT Platform, Productions", "How many really marched in Hong Kong? The incense was stored near Aberdeen Harbour for export before Victoria Harbour developed. [92] Under these terms and the "one country, two systems" principle, the Basic Law of Hong Kong is the regional constitution.[93]. [251] Small-scale wind-power sources have been developed,[248] and a small number of private homes and public buildings have installed solar panels. [315], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}22°18′N 114°12′E / 22.3°N 114.2°E / 22.3; 114.2, Special administrative region in People's Republic of China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, Political reforms and sociopolitical issues, No specific variety of Chinese is official in the territory. [17][18] The whole territory was transferred to China in 1997. [219] Hong Kong is a gateway for foreign direct investment in China, giving investors open access to mainland Chinese markets through direct links with the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges. [281], Western classical music has historically had a strong presence in Hong Kong, and remains a large part of local musical education. [189] Followers of other religions, including Sikhism, Hinduism, Judaism, and the Baháʼí Faith, generally originate from regions where their religion predominates. [75] The impending transfer triggered a wave of mass emigration as residents feared an erosion of civil rights, the rule of law, and quality of life. [43], During the Middle Neolithic period, about 6,000 years ago, the region had been widely occupied by humans. [238] It is the eighth-busiest airport by passenger traffic,[239] and handles the most air-cargo traffic in the world. A variety of Chinese-language newspapers are published daily; the most prominent are Ming Pao, Oriental Daily News, and Apple Daily. [293][294] At the end of secondary schooling, all students take a public examination and awarded the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education on successful completion. [212][213] The Closer Partnership Economic Arrangement formalised a policy of free trade between the two areas, with each jurisdiction pledging to remove remaining obstacles to trade and cross-boundary investment. The city's martial arts film roots are evident in the roles of the most prolific Hong Kong actors. [207], Although the territory had one of Asia's largest manufacturing economies during the latter half of the colonial era, Hong Kong's economy is now dominated by the service sector. These were especially prolific during the immediate post-war period, when many were rapidly built to house large numbers of Chinese migrants. [106] All popularly elected members are chosen by proportional representation. After reversal of the last colonial era Legislative Council democratic reforms following the handover,[82] the regional government unsuccessfully attempted to enact national security legislation pursuant to Article 23 of the Basic Law. [300], Hong Kong has eleven universities. [124], The central government and Ministry of Foreign Affairs handle diplomatic matters, but Hong Kong retains the ability to maintain separate economic and cultural relations with foreign nations. [136][137], Ethnic minorities have marginal representation in government and often experience discrimination in housing, education, and employment. [123] Hong Kong residents are not required to perform military service and current law has no provision for local enlistment, so its defence is composed entirely of non-Hongkongers. La domanda giusta sarebbe: com'è possibile fare un viaggio in Cina e non visitare Hong Kong? It occupies the areas known in modern times as Central, Admiralty, Sheung Wan, Wan Chai, East Point, Shek Tong Tsui, the Mid-levels, the Peak, Happy Valley, Tin Hau, and Kennedy Town, on Hong Kong Island. [270] Freshness of ingredients is emphasised. [44] Neolithic to Bronze Age Hong Kong settlers were semi-coastal people. The protests are the largest in Hong Kong history,[89] with organisers claiming to have attracted more than one million Hong Kong residents. Hong Kong - Capitale dello shopping Hong Kong - attira il maggior numero di turisti rispetto a tutte le altre città al mondo, poiché è la capitale dello shopping dell’Asia nonché la città più costosa della Cina. [227] With a daily ridership of over five million, the system serves 41 per cent of all public transit passengers in the city[228] and has an on-time rate of 99.9 per cent. [171][172], Demand for new construction has contributed to frequent demolition of older buildings, freeing space for modern high-rises. These schools are subject to the curriculum guidelines as provided by the Education Bureau. The central government has a print-media presence in the territory through the state-owned Ta Kung Pao and Wen Wei Po. In 1841, Britain took control over the island of Hong Kong. [254] Toilets in most built-up areas of the territory flush with seawater, greatly reducing freshwater use.[253]. These advise the government on local issues such as public facility provisioning, community programme maintenance, cultural promotion, and environmental policy. 1299 and extending southwards a distance of 850 feet from the aforesaid angle; On the south – A line running due east from the southern extremity of the western boundary until it meets a contour in the vicinity of the Hill above Belchers 700 feet above principal datum, that is to say, a level 17.833 feet below the bench-mark known as "Rifleman's Bolt", the highest point of a copper bolt set horizontally in the east wall of the Royal Navy Office and Mess Block Naval Dockyard, and thence following the said contour until it meets the eastern boundary; On the east – A line following the west side of the Government Pier, Bay View and thence along the west side of Hing Fat Street, then along the north side of Causeway Road to Moreton Terrace. [179] Examples include Lui Seng Chun, the Blue House in Wan Chai, and the Shanghai Street shophouses in Mong Kok. [147][148], In 2020, in a period of large-scale protests, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress passed the controversial Hong Kong national security law. [12] The Hong Kong Stock Exchange is the seventh-largest in the world, with a market capitalisation of HK$30.4 trillion (US$3.87 trillion) as of December 2018[update]. [118] Public finances are handled separately from the national government; taxes levied in Hong Kong do not fund the central authority. The 1846 Flagstaff House, the former residence of the commanding British military officer, is the oldest Western-style building in Hong Kong. [289], The Hong Kong Jockey Club, the territory's largest taxpayer,[290] has a monopoly on gambling and provides over seven per cent of government revenue. A Hong Kong, un ménage sur dix est millionnaire et les ultra riches se comptent par centaines. The public-housing estate programme, Independent Commission Against Corruption, and Mass Transit Railway were all established during the post-war decades to provide safer housing, integrity in the civil service, and more-reliable transportation. [3] Slightly over half the population (53.2 per cent) speaks English, the other official language;[2] 4.3 per cent are native speakers, and 48.9 per cent speak English as a second language. [314] Ten non-domestic broadcasters air programming for the territory's foreign population. Private schools subsidised under the Direct Subsidy Scheme and international schools fall outside of this system and may elect to use differing curricula and teach using other languages. By the early 1990s, Hong Kong had established itself as a global financial centre and shipping hub. [163] The highest and lowest recorded temperatures in all of Hong Kong are 39.0 °C (102 °F) at Wetland Park on 22 August 2017,[164] and −6.0 °C (21.2 °F) at Tai Mo Shan on 24 January 2016. Conditions on the island improved during the Taiping Rebellion in the 1850s, when many Chinese refugees, including wealthy merchants, fled mainland turbulence and settled in the colony. [5] It was one of the first urban settlements in Hong Kong and its boundaries are recorded in the Laws of Hong Kong. [121] Although the Chairman of the Central Military Commission is supreme commander of the armed forces,[122] the regional government may request assistance from the garrison. Hong Kong, capitale de la Kétamine. Hong Kong’s total land area measures 405 square miles (1,050 square kilometers). The City of Victoria, often called Victoria City or simply Victoria, is the de facto capital of Hong Kong during the British colonial period, and the de jure capital of the HKSAR. [61], The colony was further expanded in 1898 when Britain obtained a 99-year lease of the New Territories. [57], In 1839, the Daoguang Emperor rejected proposals to legalise and tax opium and ordered imperial commissioner Lin Zexu to eradicate the opium trade. [114] Furthermore, in circumstances where the Standing Committee declares a state of emergency in Hong Kong, the State Council may enforce national law in the region. [154] Much of this is built on reclaimed land; 70 km2 (27 sq mi) (six per cent of the total land or about 25 per cent of developed space in the territory) is reclaimed from the sea. [224][225], Hong Kong has a highly developed, sophisticated transport network.