To its east is the island of Great Britain, from which it is separated by the Irish Sea. Ériu is generally believed to have been the matron goddess of Ireland, a goddess of sovereignty, or simply a goddess of the land. Its articles of faith are the The Irish Articles (1615) and Westminster Confession of Faith (1647). This would suggest a meaning of "abundant land". The accent has been omitted on most Irish stamps issued over the past ten years in the interests of artistic balance and in accordance with a common practice in the printing of Irish in Roman script for display purposes. Population of each Province, County and City and actual and percentage change, 2006 and 2011", Ulster's Hiddlin Swaatch – Culture Northern Ireland, Guide to Monea Castle – Ulster-Scots version, "North-South Ministerial Council: 2010 Annual Report in Ulster Scots", "North-South Ministerial Council: 2009 Annual Report in Ulster Scots", "Tourism Ireland: 2008 Yearly Report in Ulster Scots", http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_3166-2_newsletter_ii-1_corrected_2010-02-19.pdf, "CAIN: Glossary of Terms on Northern Ireland Conflict", Ulster Facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Ulster, "DERRY-SLIGO TRAIN LINK "RAILED OUT" | Derry Daily", "CAIN: Key Issue: Language: Pritchard, R.M.O. – Motor Identification Letters", "Ceisteanna —Questions. The name Ulster has several possible derivations: from the Norse name ‘Uladztir’, which is an adaptation of Ulaidh and tir, the Irish for ’land’;[13] or similarly it may be derived from Ulaidh plus the Norse genitive s followed by the Irish tir. The origin of Ériu has been traced to the Proto-Celtic reconstruction *Φīwerjon- (nominative singular Φīwerjū < Pre-Proto-Celtic -jō). From January 2007, the Irish government nameplates at meetings of the European Union have borne both Éire and Ireland, following the adoption of Irish as a working language of the European Union. All land owned by Irish chieftains, the Ó Neills and Ó Donnells (along with those of their supporters), who fought against the English Crown in the Nine Years War, were confiscated and used to settle the colonists. Ulster also has another Major winner in Graeme McDowell, who also won the US Open in 2010. The whole province fields a team to play the other provinces in the Railway Cup in both football and hurling. The Ó Domhnaill (O'Donnell) dynasty were Ulster's second most powerful clan from the early thirteenth-century through to the beginning of the seventeenth-century. In 2006 the Irish electricity network was devolved to EirGrid. Het gebied is genoemd naar de Ulaid, de túath die het rond het begin van onze jaartelling beheerste. George Best Belfast City Airport (sometimes referred to as "the City Airport" or "the Harbour Airport") is another, smaller airport which is located at Sydenham in Belfast. Gaelic Football is by far the most popular of the GAA sports in Ulster but hurling is also played, especially in Antrim, Armagh, Derry, and Down. King James I then colonised Ulster with English-speaking Protestant settlers from Great Britain, in the Plantation of Ulster. Es bestand aus neun historischen Grafschaften (engl. But the British authorities swiftly put down the rebellion and employed severe repression after the fighting had ended. For the constituent country of the UK, see, Traditional province in the north of Ireland, Republicanism, rebellion and communal strife, Industrialisation, Home Rule and partition. [14] It has also been suggested to have derived from Uladh plus the Norse suffix ster (meaning place), which was common in the Shetland Islands and Norway.[15][16]. [22] Ireland's postal code system is known as Eircode. The majority of Irish people were "Jacobites" and supported James II due to his 1687 Declaration of Indulgence or, as it is also known, The Declaration for the Liberty of Conscience, that granted religious freedom to all denominations in England and Scotland and also due to James II's promise to the Irish Parliament of an eventual right to self-determination. [21], Ulster has a population of just over 2 million people and an area of 21,552 square kilometres (8,321 sq mi). The Williamites' victory in this war ensured British rule in Ireland for over 200 years. The Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland excluded most of Ulster's population from having any Civil power on religious grounds. Counties). Following the Sinn Féin victory in these elections the Irish Declaration of Independence was penned and Irish republicans launched a guerrilla campaign against British rule in what became the Irish War of Independence (January 1919 – July 1921). After the Norman invasion of Ireland in the 12th century, eastern Ulster was conquered by the Anglo-Normans and became the Earldom of Ulster. It was allegedly the largest battle ever fought on the island of Ireland, and resulted in the death of Congal and the retreat of Domhnall Brecc. The battle was fought near the Woods of Killultagh, just outside the village of Moira in what would become County Down. Ulster er en af de fire provinser, som øen Irland er opdelt i. Ulster omfatter den nordlige del, og størstedelen af Ulster er i politisk sammenhæng Nordirland.Ulster består af ni counties.De seks (Antrim, Armagh, Down, Fermanagh, Londonderry og Tyrone) ligger i Nordirland, mens resten (Cavan, Donegal og Monaghan) er en del af Republikken Irland. The fighting in Ulster during the Irish War of Independence generally took the form of street battles between Protestants and Roman Catholics in the city of Belfast. Ireland (Éire) is an island to the north-west of continental Europe. Il toponimo “Ulster” è sovente, ancorché impropriamente, usato come sinonimo di “Irlanda del Nord”. A lot of IRA activity also took place at this time in County Donegal and the City of Derry, where one of the main Republican leaders was Peadar O'Donnell. Ireland, also known as the Republic of Ireland is a European country on the island of Ireland. There is also Donegal Airport (Irish: Aerfort Dhún na nGall), popularly known as Carrickfinn Airport, which is located in The Rosses. L'Ulster (AFI: /ˈulster/; in inglese [ˈʌlstə(r)]), in irlandese Ulaidh ([ˈul̪ˠəi]), è una provincia dell'Irlanda, geograficamente collocata alla sua estremità nord orientale. The Church of Ireland (Irish: Eaglais na hÉireann Scots: Kirk o Airlann) is the national church. LIrlande du NordNote 3 (en anglais : Northern Ireland ; en irlandais : Tuaisceart Éireann ; en scots d'Ulster : Norlin Airlann) est l'une des quatre nations constitutives du Royaume-Uni, occupant le nord-est de l'île d'Irlande qu'elle partage avec l'État d'Irlande indépendant. Ulster (/ˈʌlstər/; Irish: Ulaidh [ˈʊlˠəi] or Cúige Uladh [ˌkuːɟə ˈʊlˠə]; Ulster Scots: Ulstèr[5][6][7] or Ulster)[8][9][10] is one of the four traditional Irish provinces, in the north of Ireland. The longest river in the British Isles, the Shannon, rises at the Shannon Pot in County Cavan with underground tributaries from County Fermanagh. Census of Ireland 2016: 296,120 out of 1,521,592 total. In the ensuing wars (1641–1653, fought against the background of civil war in England, Scotland and Ireland), Ulster became a battleground between the Colonialists and the native Irish. Protestants, including some Presbyterians, who in some parts of the province had come to identify with the Roman Catholic community, used violence to intimidate Roman Catholics who tried to enter the linen trade. At international level players from Ulster join with those from the other 3 provinces to form the Irish national team. The Orange Order freely organises in counties Donegal, Cavan and Monaghan, with several Orange parades taking place throughout County Donegal each year. This group (founded in Belfast) dedicated itself to founding a non-sectarian and independent Irish republic. Ulster Ulster (Iers-Gaelisch: Cúige Uladh) is een van de vier oorspronkelijke provincies van Ierland. Antrim (in Irish "Aontroim", in Ulster-Scots "Coonty Entrim") is one of six counties of Northern Ireland, which means it is a part of the United Kingdom.The county of Antrim is around 1,176 square miles (3,046 square kilometers) in size and home to a population of about 618,000. Across the nine counties, according to the aggregate UK 2011 Census for Northern Ireland, and the ROI 2011 Census for counties Cavan, Donegal and Monaghan, there is a Roman Catholic majority over Protestant of 50.8% to 42.7%.[24]. Six Ulster counties became Northern Ireland, a self-governing territory within the United Kingdom, while the rest of Ireland became the Irish Free State, now the Republic of Ireland. Ulster also has a significant drumlin belt. Cricket is also played in Ulster, especially in Northern Ireland and East Donegal. When Derry City F.C. Ulster Irish thus has more in common with Scottish Gaelic and Manx.Within Ulster there have historically been two main sub-dialects: West Ulster and East Ulster. While the traditional counties continue to demarcate areas of local government in the Republic of Ireland, this is no longer the case in Northern Ireland. In the wake of the failure of this rebellion, and following the gradual abolition of official religious discrimination after the Act of Union in 1800, Presbyterians came to identify more with the State and with their Anglican neighbours, due to their civil rights now being respected by both the state and their Anglican neighbours. The modern Irish Éire evolved from the Old Irish word Ériu, which was the name of a Gaelic goddess. "[17] Stamps later reverted to a Gaelic type with the accent preserved. Estimates suggest that about 600 civilians died in this communal violence, the majority of them (58%) Roman Catholics. [47] The Irish Football Association (the I.F.A.) A Ilha da Irlanda (em irlandês: Éire; em escocês do Ulster: Airlann; em inglês: Ireland; também conhecida como Ilha Esmeralda por suas vastas estepes verde-claras) é a terceira maior ilha da Europa e a vigésima maior do mundo. "Éire" is used on the Seal of the President of Ireland. La principale ville de la province d'Ulster est Belfast. ISO 3166-2 Newsletter II-1, 19 February 2010, which gives "Ulster" as the official English name and "Ulaidh" as the official Irish name of the province, citing "Ordnance Survey Office, Dublin 1993" as its source –, "Community Background", 2011 Census, for NI, and "Religion", 2011 Census, for RoI, Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. Hay nueve condados en … Belfast became famous in this period for its huge dockyards and shipbuilding – and notably for the construction of the RMS Titanic. In the 1690s, Scottish Presbyterians became a majority in Ulster, due to a large influx of them into the Province. (See Larne gunrunning). Según los partidarios de Éire Nua, la formación de parlamentos provinciales con autoridades de autogobierono habría sido un buen método de conservar el statu quo dominante de protestantes en el Ulster pero sin mantener la división de la isla, ni dejar a los católicos del Ulster como ciudadanos de segunda. It is a member of the European Union. Among the High Kings of Ireland were Áed Findliath (died 879), Niall Glúndub (died 919), and Domnall ua Néill (died 980), all of the Cenél nEógain. By the late 14th century the Earldom had collapsed and the O'Neill dynasty had come to dominate most of Ulster, claiming the title King of Ulster. They also compete in Europe's main club rugby tournament, the European Rugby Champions Cup, which they won (as the Heineken Cup) back in 1999. Notable Ulster rugby players include Willy John McBride, Jack Kyle and Mike Gibson. [44] However, religious sectarianism in politics has largely disappeared from the rest of the Republic of Ireland. These refugees' linguistic influence still survives in the dialects of Irish spoken in Mayo, which have many similarities to Ulster Irish not found elsewhere in Connacht. In 637, the Battle of Moira, known archaically as the Battle of Magh Rath, was fought by the Gaelic High King of Ireland Domhnall II against his foster son King Congal Cáech of Ulster, supported by his ally Domhnall the Freckled (Domhnall Brecc) of Dalriada. p. 113, Byrne, Francis John, Irish kings and high-kings, Batsford, 1987. clubs, most recently the Setanta Sports Cup. Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914, 200,000 Irishmen, both Southern and Northern, of all religious sects volunteered to serve in the British Army. However, this did not stop many thousands of Ulster people from emigrating to British North America in this period, where they became known as "Scots Irish" or "Scotch-Irish". At the 1948 Summer Olympics in London the organisers insisted that the Irish team march under the banner "Eire" notwithstanding that every other team was marching according to what their name was in English. Along with the rest of Ireland, Ulster became part of the United Kingdom in 1801. The Meic Lochlainn were in 1241 overthrown by their kin, the clan Ó Néill (see O'Neill dynasty). In early medieval Ireland, a branch of the Northern Uí Néill, the Cenél nEógain of the province of Ailech, gradually eroded the territory of the province of Ulaidh until it lay east of the River Bann. About 62% of the area of Ulster is in the UK while the remaining 38% is in the Republic of Ireland. and F.A.I. The Boyne and its tributary the Blackwater were the traditional southern boundary of the province of Ulster and appear as such in the Táin Bó Cúailnge. This did not announce its findings until 1925, when the line was again drawn around six of Ulster's nine counties, with no change from the partition of 1920. Northern Ireland's current politics originate from these late 19th century disputes over Home Rule that would have devolved some powers of government to Ireland, and which Ulster Protestants usually opposed—fearing for their religious rights calling it "Rome Rule" in an autonomous Roman Catholic-dominated Ireland and also not trusting politicians from the agrarian south and west to support the more industrial economy of Ulster. The border has divided association football teams since 1921. The historic Flag of Ulster served as the basis for the Ulster Banner (often referred to as the Flag of Northern Ireland), which was the flag of the Government of Northern Ireland until the proroguing of the Stormont parliament in 1973. [27] Large parts of County Donegal are Gaeltacht areas where Irish is the first language and some people in west Belfast also speak Irish, especially in the "Gaeltacht Quarter". According to the Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, 400,000 people in the US were of Irish birth or ancestry in 1790 when the first US Census counted 3,100,000 white Americans. As of 2017[update], Northern Ireland has seven Roman Catholic members of parliament, all members of Sinn Féin (of a total of 18 from the whole of Northern Ireland) in the British House of Commons at Westminster; and the other three counties have one Protestant T.D. Private plantation by wealthy landowners began in 1606,[32][33][34] while the official plantation controlled by King James I of England (who was also King James VI of Scots) began in 1609. According to tradition, in ancient Ireland it was one of the fifths (Irish: cúige) ruled by a rí ruirech, or "king of over-kings". The Socialist Republic of Eire and Ulster (Irish: Poblacht Shóisialach na hÉireann agus Uladh) also known as SR Eire and Ulster, or simply SR Ireland. Elle se compose de six des neuf comtés de la province irlandaise d'Ulster. As the war progressed, in Ireland, opposition to the War grew stronger, reaching its peak in 1918 when the British government proposed laws to extend conscription to all able bodied Irishmen during the Conscription Crisis. In the First Dáil, which was elected in late 1918, Prof. Eoin Mac Néill served as the Sinn Féin T.D. Přesto většina lidí říká Severnímu Irsku Ulster. Ulster (Ulaidh or Cúige Uladh, is one of the provinces of Ireland, located in the north of the island. Under the 1947 Convention Irish-registered aircraft have carried a registration mark starting "EI" for Éire. It was not until after the 1998 Good Friday Agreement that the UK government accepted the preferred name of simply "Ireland", at the same time as Ireland dropped its territorial claim over Northern Ireland. In 1798 the United Irishmen, led by Henry Joy McCracken, launched a rebellion in Ulster, mostly supported by Presbyterians. The Belfast-Derry railway line connecting Londonderry railway station, via Coleraine, Ballymoney, Ballymena and Antrim, with Lanyon Place and Belfast Great Victoria Street is a noted scenic route. [8] Using the genitive form Éireann as an adjective, the UK media would refer to "Eireann Ministers"[9] and the "Eireann Army". The Counties Tyrconnell, Tyrone, Fermanagh, Cavan, Coleraine and Armagh comprised the official Colony. Belfast developed from a village into a bustling provincial town. Borelands of Ulster (Ireland) Edit. [20], Founded in 1937, the Eire Society of Boston is an influential Irish-American group. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth. [36], The official reason for the Plantation is said to have been to pay for the costly Nine Years' War,[37] but this view was not shared by all in the English government of the time, most notably the English Crown-appointed Attorney-General for Ireland in 1609, Sir John Davies:.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, A barbarous country must be first broken by a war before it will be capable of good government; and when it is fully subdued and conquered, if it be not well planted and governed after the conquest, it will eftsoons return to the former barbarism.